Cho \(a+b=5,ab=-2\left(a< b\right)\). Hãy tính \(a^2+b^2,\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3},a-b,a^3-b^3\)
Cho a, b, c thuộc R. CM:
1, \(ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
2, \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^3\)
3, \(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
4, \(a^4+3\ge4a\)
5, \(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
6, \(a^4+b^4\le\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}\left(a,b\ne0\right)\)
7, \(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+ab}\left(a,b\ge1\right)\)
8, \(\left(a^5+b^5\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Câu 1:
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
5 , a3+b3+c3\(\ge\) 3abc
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3+c3-3a2b-3ab2-3abc\(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)
ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)
(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge0\)
<=> 2a2+2b2+2c2-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)
<=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng
1)cho a,b,c >0. \(cmr:\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ca}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
2) cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=1. \(cmr:\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge64\)
3) cho a,b,c>0. \(cme:\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\)
4) cho a,b,c>0 .\(cmr:\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\)
5)cho a,b,c>0. cmr: \(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\dfrac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Bài 2:
Thay $1=a+b+c$ và áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}{abc}\)
\(=\frac{(a+a+b+c)(b+a+b+c)(c+a+b+c)}{abc}\)
\(\geq \frac{4\sqrt[4]{a.a.b.c}.4\sqrt[4]{b.a.b.c}.4\sqrt[4]{c.a.b.c}}{abc}=\frac{64abc}{abc}=64\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
Xét:
\(\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)-\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{\left(c-a-b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{c^2-c\left(a+b\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^2}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^3}{abc}\)
CMTT cộng theo vế:
\(BTCCM=3+\dfrac{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{6\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{3abc}\)
Mà Khi \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) ( tự cm,ez)
Vậy \(BTCCM=3+6=9\left(đpcm\right)\)
Rút gọn biểu thức
a. B = \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a^2+ab}-\dfrac{a}{b^2+ab}\right):\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a^3-ab^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
b. C = \(a:\left(b-2\right)-\left[\left(a^2+2a+1\right):\left(b^2-4\right)\right].\left[\left(b+2\right):\left(a+1\right)\right]\)
Rút gọn biểu thức
a. B = \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a^2+ab}-\dfrac{a}{b^2+ab}\right):\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a^3-ab^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
b. C = \(a:\left(b-2\right)-\left[\left(a^2+2a+1\right):\left(b^2-4\right)\right].\left[\left(b+2\right):\left(a+1\right)\right]\)
Rút gọn biểu thức
a. B = \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a^2+ab}-\dfrac{a}{b^2+ab}\right):\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a^3-ab^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
b. C = \(a:\left(b-2\right)-\left[\left(a^2+2a+1\right):\left(b^2-4\right)\right].\left[\left(b+2\right):\left(a+1\right)\right]\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a^2+ab}-\dfrac{a}{b^2+ab}\right):\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a^3-ab^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{a\left(a+b\right)}-\dfrac{a}{b\left(a+b\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{b\left(a-b\right)-a^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}:\dfrac{b^3+a\left(a-b\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab-b^2-a^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a^2-ab+b^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(ab-b^2-a^2\right)}{b\left(a^2-ab+b^3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{b\left(a^2-ab+b^3\right)}\)
Đề lỗi rồi chứ mình ko rút gọn đc nữa
Cho a,b,c là số dương. CMR:
1. \(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge\left(1+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\)
2. \(a^2\sqrt{bc}+b^2\sqrt{ac}+c^2\sqrt{ab}\le a^3+b^3+c^3\)
3. \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
Cộng theo vế và thu gọn:
$\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Leftrightarrow 3\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Rightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3$
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
$a^3+a^3+a^3+a^3+b^3+c^3\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^{12}b^3c^3}=6a^2\sqrt{bc}$
$b^3+b^3+b^3+b^3+a^3+c^3\geq 6b^2\sqrt{ac}$
$c^3+c^3+c^3+c^3+a^3+b^3\geq 6c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn thu được:
$a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2\sqrt{bc}+b^2\sqrt{ac}+c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Bài 3:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
cho biết \(\dfrac{a}{2}-b=c\dfrac{2}{3}\)và a,b,c khác 0. Tính giá trị biểu thức Q=2018-\(\left(\dfrac{c}{a}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^5.\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-2\right)^5.\left(\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^5\)
rút gọn \(\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}\right)+\dfrac{3}{2\left(a+b\right)^4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
cái này tương tự này, do dài quá nên ngại làm, bn tham khảo nhé Câu hỏi của Thiên An - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath